|
|
REST <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-irtf-t2trg-rest-iot</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hartke-t2trg-data-hub</ref>, Web API <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-baba-iot-webapi</ref>
|
| CoAP (RFC 7252, RFC 8075, RFC 8323) <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-core-dev-urn</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-core-object-security</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-lwig-coap</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-lwig-nbr-mgmt-policy</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-bhattacharyya-dice-less-on-coap</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-bormann-core-ace-aif</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-bormann-core-responses</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hartke-core-e2e-security-reqs</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-keranen-core-senml-fetch</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-keranen-core-too-many-reqs</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-marin-ace-wg-coap-eap</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-mattsson-core-coap-actuators</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-mattsson-lwig-security-protocol-comparison</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-palombini-ace-coap-pubsub-profile</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-silverajan-core-coap-protocol-negotiation</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-urien-core-identity-module-coap</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-vanderstok-ace-coap-est</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wang-core-opcua-transmition-requirements</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wang-core-opcua-transmission</ref>, MQTT <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-sengul-ace-mqtt-tls-profile</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-silverajan-core-coap-alternative-transports</ref>
|
| TCP <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-lwig-tcp-constrained-node-networks</ref>, UDP
|
| IPv6
|
| 6LoWPAN (Short range, RFC 4944, RFC 6282, RFC 6775)
|
| LPWAN (Long range, constrained networks) <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-lpwan-overview</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-bormann-lpwan-cbor-template</ref>
|
|
6tisch (RFC 8180) <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6tisch-architecture</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6tisch-terminology</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6tisch-minimal-security</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6tisch-dtsecurity-zerotouch-join</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6tisch-6top-protocol</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-richardson-6tisch-minimal-rekey</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-papadopoulos-6tisch-pre-reqs</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-richardson-6tisch-join-enhanced-beacon</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-richardson-6tisch-roll-enrollment-priority</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-richardson-6tisch-enrollment-enhanced-beacon</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-vilajosana-6tisch-globaltime</ref>
|
6lo (Constrained devices, RFC 7973, RFC 8066) <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6lo-use-cases</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6lo-ap-nd</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6lo-backbone-router</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6lo-rfc6775-update</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6lo-deadline-time</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-bormann-lwig-6lowpan-virtual-reassembly</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hou-6lo-plc</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pu-6lo-multipath-transmission</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-sajjad-6lo-wban</ref>
|
LoRAWAN
<ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-farrell-lpwan-lora-overview</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-petrov-lpwan-ipv6-schc-over-lorawan</ref>
|
NB IoT
(not LTE-M a.k.a. LTE Category 0) <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-minaburo-lpwan-nbiot-hc</ref>
|
Sigfox
(ETSI GS LTN 003) <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-zuniga-lpwan-sigfox-system-description</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-zuniga-lpwan-schc-over-sigfox</ref>
|
Wi-SUN FAN <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-heile-lpwan-wisun-overview</ref>
|
IEEE 802.15.4-2003
|
IEEE 802.15.4e
|
Bluetooth Low Energy
(BLTE)
|
ITU-T G-9959
(Z-Wave)
|
DECT ULE
(ETSI TS 102 939-1, RFC 8105)
|
RS-485 MS/TP (RFC 8163)
|
NFC <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6lo-nfc</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-urien-tls-llcp</ref>
|
Low-Power Wi-Fi
(IEEE 802.11ah)
|
| Standardisation forum
|
LoRa Alliance, SemTech
|
3GPP
|
Low Throughput Networks (LTN) ETSI Industry Specification Group, Sigfox
|
Wi-SUN Alliance
|
IEEE 802.15 Working Group for Wireless Specialty Networks (WSN)
|
|
ITU-T, Z-Wave Alliance
|
ETSI, DECT Forum
|
|
|
IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks
|
| AAA Credentials
|
7-bit NwkID, 25-bit DevAddr, 64-bit AppEUI, 64-bit DevEUI, NwkSKey, AppSKey, AppKey
|
|
32-bit device ID
|
|
|
|
32-bit HomeID, 8-bit NodeID
|
20-bit TPUI, 40-bit RFDI, 40-bit IPEI
|
|
|
|
| Topology
|
Star of stars
|
Star
|
|
|
Star
|
Mesh
|
Star (RFC 7668), mesh <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6lo-blemesh</ref>
|
Star, cluster, mesh
|
Star
|
|
|
|
| Range [m]
|
2,000 - 5,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 - 100
|
100
|
50 (indoor), 300 (outdoor)
|
|
|
|
| MAX #nodes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Routing
|
None
|
|
|
Layer-3 RPL (RFC 6550, mandatory) or Layer-2 MHDS (optional)
|
Layer-3 RPL (RFC 6550) <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-roll-dao-projection</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-thubert-roll-unaware-leaves</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Multiple Access and modulation
|
Class A: LORA, GFSK (Not in US) ; Class B: beacons
|
DSSS, OFDMA/SC-FDMA
|
UNB GFSK (downlink) or UNB DBPSK (uplink)
|
Frequency Hopping
|
Beacon mode: CSMA/CA in Contention Access Period (CAP), TDMA in Contention Free Period (CFP) ; beaconless mode: unslotted CSMA/CA
|
TSCH
|
TDMA
|
FSK
|
FDMA/TDMA TDD
|
|
|
|
| Peak Data Rate [kbps]
|
0.2 to 50 (EU 433 MHz, China) ; 50 to 250 (EU 868 MHz) ; 0.98 to 21.9 (US)
|
30 to 60
|
100 to 600 Bauds
|
50 to 300
|
250
|
9.6 to 100
|
9.6
|
1,152
|
95,200 Bauds
|
424
|
Up to 20,000
|
| Packet Size [Bytes]
|
59 to 250 (EU 433 and 868 MHz, China) ; 19 to 250 (US 915 MHz)
|
1,600
|
12
|
|
127
|
|
|
500
|
|
|
|
| Frequency Band(s)
|
ISM bands (EU = 433, 868 MHz ; US = 915 MHz ; China = 780 MHz)
|
Deprecated GSM band
|
ISM band @ EMEA = 868 MHz ; America and Oceania = 902 MHz
|
EU: 870-876 MHz
|
|
|
|
868, 908 MHz
|
1,880-1,920 MHz
|
|
|
|
| Radio Duty Cycle <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-lwig-energy-efficient</ref>
|
min 1%, MAX 100%
|
Up to 100%
|
Less than 1% per hour, MAX 140 12-Byte messages per day
|
|
Preamble sampling in ContikiMAC
|
Preamble sampling a.k.a. Coordinated Sampled Listening (CSL) mode
|
Scheduled transmissions
|
Preamble sampling a.k.a. Frequently Listening (FL) mode
|
Scheduled transmissions, paging interval from 10 ms to 327s
|
|
|
|