IoT Overview

	CoAP (RFC 7252, RFC 8075, RFC 8323) <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-core-object-security</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-lwig-coap</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-lwig-nbr-mgmt-policy</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hartke-core-e2e-security-reqs</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-marin-ace-wg-coap-eap</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-mattsson-lwig-security-protocol-comparison</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-silverajan-core-coap-protocol-negotiation</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-urien-core-identity-module-coap</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-vanderstok-ace-coap-est</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wang-core-opcua-transmition-requirements</ref>, MQTT <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-sengul-ace-mqtt-tls-profile</ref>
	IPv6
	6LoWPAN (Short range, RFC 4944, RFC 6282, RFC 6775)
	LPWAN (Long range, constrained networks) <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-lpwan-overview</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-bormann-lpwan-cbor-template</ref>					6tisch (RFC 8180) <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6tisch-architecture</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6tisch-minimal-security</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6tisch-dtsecurity-zerotouch-join</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6tisch-6top-protocol</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-richardson-6tisch-minimal-rekey</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-papadopoulos-6tisch-pre-reqs</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-richardson-6tisch-join-enhanced-beacon</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-richardson-6tisch-roll-enrollment-priority</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-richardson-6tisch-enrollment-enhanced-beacon</ref>	6lo (Constrained devices, RFC 7973, RFC 8066) <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6lo-use-cases</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6lo-ap-nd</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6lo-backbone-router</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6lo-rfc6775-update</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6lo-deadline-time</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-bormann-lwig-6lowpan-virtual-reassembly</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hou-6lo-plc</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pu-6lo-multipath-transmission</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-sajjad-6lo-wban</ref>
	LoRAWAN <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-farrell-lpwan-lora-overview</ref>	NB IoT (not LTE-M a.k.a. LTE Category 0)	Sigfox (ETSI GS LTN 003) <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-zuniga-lpwan-sigfox-system-description</ref>, <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-zuniga-lpwan-schc-over-sigfox</ref>	Wi-SUN FAN <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-heile-lpwan-wisun-overview</ref>	IEEE 802.15.4-2003	IEEE 802.15.4e	Bluetooth Low Energy (BLTE)	ITU-T G-9959 (Z-Wave)	DECT ULE (ETSI TS 102 939-1, RFC 8105)	RS-485 MS/TP (RFC 8163)	NFC <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6lo-nfc</ref>	Low-Power Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11ah)
Standardisation forum	LoRa Alliance, SemTech	3GPP	Low Throughput Networks (LTN) ETSI Industry Specification Group, Sigfox	Wi-SUN Alliance	IEEE 802.15 Working Group for Wireless Specialty Networks (WSN)			ITU-T, Z-Wave Alliance	ETSI, DECT Forum			IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks
AAA Credentials	7-bit NwkID, 25-bit DevAddr, 64-bit AppEUI, 64-bit DevEUI, NwkSKey, AppSKey, AppKey		32-bit device ID					32-bit HomeID, 8-bit NodeID	20-bit TPUI, 40-bit RFDI, 40-bit IPEI
Topology	Star of stars	Star			Star	Mesh	Star (RFC 7668), mesh <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6lo-blemesh</ref>	Star, cluster, mesh	Star
Range [m]	2,000 - 5,000						1 - 100	100	50 (indoor), 300 (outdoor)
MAX #nodes
Routing	None			Layer-3 RPL (RFC 6550, mandatory) or Layer-2 MHDS (optional)	Layer-3 RPL (RFC 6550)
Multiple Access and modulation	Class A: LORA, GFSK (Not in US) ; Class B: beacons	DSSS, OFDMA/SC-FDMA	UNB GFSK (downlink) or UNB DBPSK (uplink)	Frequency Hopping	Beacon mode: CSMA/CA in Contention Access Period (CAP), TDMA in Contention Free Period (CFP) ; beaconless mode: unslotted CSMA/CA	TSCH	TDMA	FSK	FDMA/TDMA TDD
Peak Data Rate [kbps]	0.2 to 50 (EU 433 MHz, China) ; 50 to 250 (EU 868 MHz) ; 0.98 to 21.9 (US)	30 to 60	100 to 600 Bauds	50 to 300	250		9.6 to 100	9.6	1,152	95,200 Bauds	424	Up to 20,000
Packet Size [Bytes]	59 to 250 (EU 433 and 868 MHz, China) ; 19 to 250 (US 915 MHz)	1,600	12		127				500
Frequency Band(s)	ISM bands (EU = 433, 868 MHz ; US = 915 MHz ; China = 780 MHz)	Deprecated GSM band	ISM band @ EMEA = 868 MHz ; America and Oceania = 902 MHz	EU: 870-876 MHz				868, 908 MHz	1,880-1,920 MHz
Radio Duty Cycle <ref>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-lwig-energy-efficient</ref>	min 1%, MAX 100%	Up to 100%	Less than 1% per hour, MAX 140 12-Byte messages per day		Preamble sampling in ContikiMAC	Preamble sampling a.k.a. Coordinated Sampled Listening (CSL) mode	Scheduled transmissions	Preamble sampling a.k.a. Frequently Listening (FL) mode	Scheduled transmissions, paging interval from 10 ms to 327s

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